1. Yini ongayiphakamisa kubazali bezingane ze-CHD uma kuziwa ekwakheni ukuqina ukuze izinkinga zempilo yengqondo zixazululwe kusenesikhathi?
Okokuqala ngithanda ukusho ukuthi ngibahlonipha kakhulu abazali nabanakekeli bezingane ezine-CHD - ngiyabona ukuthi ukuzizwisa kwazo kungabacindezela kangakanani futhi ngingabakhuthaza ukuba bazifunele ukusekelwa uma kudingeka. Ngincoma ukuthi kugcinwe imigudu yokuxhumana ivulekile, ukuze izingane zizizwe zikhululekile ukuza kubantu abadala bazo nanoma yiziphi izinkathazo ezingokwengqondo noma zezenhlalo ezingase ziphakame, kokubili ezihlobene nezingahlobene nempilo. Kubalulekile ukugwema ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka kwezingane noma ukwenza izithembiso ezingamanga (isb, ngokusho izinto ezinjengokuthi “ungakhathazeki ngakho” noma “ngiyethembisa ukuthi konke kuzolunga.”)
Futhi, ngisanda kuqaphela ISEKELA amazinga asekelwe kumalungelo ezingane ezinezinqubo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Ukuqonda kwami ukuthi lezi beziqondiswe kochwepheshe bezempilo. Kodwa-ke, ngicabanga ukuthi ziphinde zinikeze uhlaka oluhle lwabazali nabanakekeli abafisa ukumelela inhlalakahle yezingane ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo kuzilungiselelo zezokwelapha.
2. Yiziphi ezinye zezinto ezingaba nomthelela ezinkingeni zempilo yengqondo kubantu abane-CHD?
Into yokuqala engingayisho ukuthi abantu abane-CHD babhekana nezinselele ezifanayo ezingokwengqondo nezenhlalo abantu abangenazo i-CHD ababhekana nazo - izinto ezifana nobudlelwano, isikole, ukuqashwa, izingcindezi zezimali, ukucwaswa, njll.
Baphinde babhekane nezingcindezi eziqondene ne-CHD ezingaba yizenzakalo ezingapheli kanye/noma ezinkulu zempilo. Izingcindezi ezingapheli yilezo ezenzeka ngokuqhubekayo noma njalo - njengokukhathala noma ezinye izimpawu zomzimba eziphazamisa imisebenzi ekhethwayo, ukuphuza imithi nsuku zonke, noma izikhathi zokwelashwa eziphazamisa ezinye izinto ezenzeka empilweni yomuntu. Izehlakalo ezinkulu zempilo zenzeka kancane, kodwa zingaba nomthelela omkhulu lapho zenzeka - izibonelo zihlanganisa ukuhlinzwa noma enye inqubo yezokwelapha enkulu, ukufakelwa idivayisi yenhliziyo, noma ukulaliswa esibhedlela. Siyazi ukuthi okuhlangenwe nakho okungekuhle kwezingane kanye nentsha, kokubili okuhlobene nokungahlobene nempilo, kungathinta abantu kukho konke ukuphila kwabo.
3. Ukusekelwa kwezempilo yengqondo kungaba nzima ukukuthola.Ithimba lokunakekelwa kwe-CHD lingasiza yini kule ndawo, futhi obani abazali bezingane ze-CHD, noma abantu abadala be-CHD, bakhulume nobani?
Ngincoma ngempela ukukhuluma nethimba lomuntu le-CHD ukuze uthole izincomo zokudluliselwa. Ngikhuthaza kakhulu ukuhlanganiswa kochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo ngaphakathi kwamaqembu e-CHD, nakuba lokho kungewona umkhuba ovamile…okwamanje! Kodwa-ke, amaqembu e-CHD angase azi ngochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo emphakathini abanolwazi lokusebenza nabantu ngabanye nemindeni ethintwa yi-CHD. Ochwepheshe bokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo nabo ngokuvamile bayimithombo yokudlulisela ewusizo.
Ngiyakholelwa futhi ekukhulumeni okuhlangene kwamazwi eziguli nemindeni ene-CHD. Ngicabanga ukuthi lapho iziguli nemindeni ikhuthaza kakhulu izidingo zabo zempilo yengqondo, maningi amathuba okuthi izinhlelo ze-CHD zenze izindlela zokunakekelwa kwengqondo. Ngizwa sengathi umkhakha we-CHD uhamba ngendlela yokwamukela inhlalakahle engokwengqondo njengengxenye ebalulekile yemiphumela ye-CHD.
Iphrojekthi ye-Roadmap, egxile empilweni yengqondo yezingane, intsha, kanye nabantu abadala abanezimo zempilo ezingalapheki, inezinsiza eziningi ezinhle kakhulu, okuhlanganisa ne-PDF elandekayo 'yokukhetha umelaphi' etholakalayo. LAPHA.
4. Ingabe zikhona izinto ezithile ezingenziwa iziguli ze-CHD ukunciphisa amathuba okuba nezinkinga zokukhathazeka kanye/noma ukucindezeleka?
Kunamasu okuzinakekela angasiza njengezindlela zokuvimbela (okungukuthi, ukunciphisa amathuba okuba kube nezinkinga zempilo yengqondo) kanye namasu lapho kuphakama ukukhathazeka ngokwengqondo. Sifaka uhlu lwezibonelo zamasu okuzinakekela esihlokweni sethu seziguli nemindeni:
- Yiba namakhono amahle okulala kanye nesimiso sokulala esingashintshi
- Yidla ukudla okunempilo
- Hlala umatasatasa (kuhle ukubuza ithimba lakho le-CHD ukuze uthole iseluleko mayelana nokuvivinya umzimba)
- Gcina uhlelo olujwayelekile (isb., isikole, umsebenzi, izinto ozilibazisayo, umsebenzi wokuzithandela)
- Sebenzisa izindlela zokuphumula (isb., ukuvivinya umzimba ukuphefumula, ukuzindla)
- Ijubane lakho (ungalisebenzisi ngokweqile 'ngezinsuku ezinhle')
- Gxila emandleni nakulokho umuntu angakwenza
- Cela inselelo ukwesaba ngengxoxo evulekile nomndeni, abangani, nethimba lezokwelapha
- Hlela imisebenzi ejabulisayo
- Sebenzisa ukuzikhulumela okuwusizo (Buza: Ngingathini kumngane omuhle kulesi simo?)
- Xhumana nomndeni nabangane abasekelayo
- Xhumana nabanye abane-CHD ngokusebenzisa isibhedlela noma amaqembu osekelo aku-inthanethi
5. Uma ufuna usizo lwezempilo yengqondo, ingabe kukhona umehluko ezinhlotsheni zochwepheshe kanye nalokho abakunikezayo? Yiziphi izici ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele zicatshangelwe?Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo. Lolu uhlu olwalungiselelwa ithimba lethu lokubhala ngaphambilini:
Izazi zengqondo: odokotela abangewona abezokwelapha abagxile kwezempilo yengqondo, bagxile ekwelashweni kwengqondo kanye/noma ukuhlolwa kwe-neurodevelopmental/neurocognitive, futhi abanganikezi imithi.
Izazi Zengqondo: odokotela abangochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo futhi abakwazi ukunikeza nokuqapha imithi.
Osonhlalakahle basemtholampilo: osonhlalakahle abanokuqeqeshwa okwengeziwe kwe-psychotherapy.
Abahlengikazi bezempilo yengqondo nabahlengikazi
Abeluleki abangochwepheshe abanelayisensi
Abashadile kanye nomelaphi womndeni
Uma ufuna ukwelashwa okunempilo yengqondo, kubalulekile ukucabangela okuthandwa nguwe - kungakhathaliseki ukuthi othile ukhetha ukwelashwa kwengqondo (“i-talk therapy”) noma ukuthi ufuna umtholampilo ozomnikeza imithi. Isici esisebenzayo sibandakanya ukufinyelela nokutholakala kochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo. Kuye ngezwe lomuntu kanye nezinsiza zomuntu siqu, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo yengqondo kungase kube mahhala ngaphakathi kohlelo lukahulumeni, umuntu angase asebenzise umshuwalense wezempilo ukuze akufinyelele, noma umuntu angase akhokhe ephaketheni lakhe.
Nakuba kungase kungenzeki ukusebenza nochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo abanolwazi lwe-CHD, ngincoma ukusebenza nodokotela abanolwazi lokusebenza nabantu abanezimo zempilo ezingamahlalakhona lapho kungenzeka.
6. Kunolwazi oluningi mayelana nama-antidepressants kanye nemithi elwa nokukhathazeka. Ungakwazi yini ukukhuluma kancane mayelana nokuthi zingase zifaneleke nini kumuntu one-CHD.
Njengoba ngingeyena udokotela wengqondo noma udokotela, anginikezi imithi. Nokho, iqembu lokubhala leSitatimende sethu Sesayensi lalihlanganisa odokotela abane, ababili babo okungodokotela bengqondo. Bahlanganisa itafula eliwusizo ngempela elifingqa izigaba ezahlukene zemithi ye-psychotropic (yezinkinga zemizwa nokukhathazeka, ukuphazamiseka kokunaka, noma izimpawu zengqondo) kanye nokucatshangelwa okuyingqayizivele kwabantu abane-CHD. Ukube bengiyisiguli esinelukuluku lokuthatha owodwa wale mithi, empeleni bengizothatha ikhophi yaleli tafula lekhasi elilodwa ukuze ngibonise udokotela wengqondo/udokotela kadokotela!
https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/epub/10.1161/HCQ.0000000000000110
Ungafinyelela isihloko sokuqala se-American Heart Association LAPHA.
Isiqephu sendatshana esilungele isiguli/umndeni siyatholakala LAPHA.
SIBONGA KAKHULU kuDkt. Kovacs ngokwabelana nathi ngobuchule bakhe!
